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Road runoff

Sheet and rill runoff, generated from either compacted surfaces of roads, or channel flow through culverts, is diverted directly onto cropped land, or into storage structures such as ponds. When diverted directly onto fields, the water may be spread through reticulating channels, and the soil acts as the storage facility. However, when runoff is captured in ponds, it is pumped out and used for supplementary irrigation: this system is preferred for high value horticultural crops. Most road runoff systems are traditional, having been developed by land users themselves. (Mekdaschi & Liniger 2013)