Project area A) Resources: Availability of building blocks and other ingredients for life

• A01 Composition | Volatile element distribution processes in the protoplanetary disk (Becker, Noack, Thamm)
• A02 Water | Exploring habitable conditions on parent bodies of hydrous meteorites (Oberst, Becker, Neumann)
• A03 Organics | Planetary habitability through formation of organic building blocks and functional organic assemblies (Beinlich, John, Rademann)
• A04 Oxygen | Great oxidation events on rocky planets (Noack, Brachmann)
• A05 Volatile cycles | Comparative evolution of volatile cycling between atmosphere, surface and interior for Earth, Venus, and Mars (Hoffmann, Webb)

Project area B) Evolution: Planetary processes leading to habitability

• B01 Differentiation | Differentiation and coupled long-term internal and orbital evolution of icy moons (Oberst, Schmidt, Neumann)
• B02 Ice shells | Exchange processes between the ocean and surface on icy moons (Plesa, Wünnemann)
• B03 Mars | Occurrence of water in the subsurface of Mars as habitable niches (Plesa, Wünnemann, John, Göppert)
• B04 Venus | Data from hot worlds as a constraint for understanding exoVenus end-states — limits to habitability (Keles, Grenfell)
• B05 Statistics | Assessing the habitability of detected exoplanets with interior-atmosphere models of long-term planetary evolution (Rauer, Kislyakova, Tosi)
• B06 Dust | Climate of exoplanets: The role of mineral dust in planetary circulation (Pfahl)

Project area C) Traces: Exploration of habitability and biosignatures

• C01 Enceladus | From Enceladus hydrothermal vent systems into the plume (Khawaja, Postberg, Schmidt, Maturilli)
• C02 Analogues | Detecting traces of life in terrestrial environments analogue to icy moons (Napoleoni)
• C03 Biosignatures | Investigation on biosignature stability and media perception (Schulze-Makuch, Postberg, Engesser)
• C04 Sample return | Preparing for Mars Sample Return: Considering scientific and societal aspects (Maturilli, Pohl, Baqué)
• C05 Colonisation | Preparing for human exploration missions and outposts on the Moon and Mars: Scientific, social and ethical perspectives on supporting life and extracting resources (Schulze-Makuch, Postberg, Waltemathe, Engesser, Gross)

Central Projects

• IRTG Training | Integrated research training group on planetary habitability (Noack, Pohl)
• Z Coordination | Central administration of the CRC (Noack)